Scale Comparison

Earth vs Venus, to scale

Earth and Venus are the closest size match among the major planets, which is why they so often get grouped together. Put on one honest diameter scale, the pair reads less like big and small and more like two neighboring worlds built on almost the same physical template.

Shared physical scale
7,099km
Venus12,104 km
Earth12,742 km

Scale insight

Earth's diameter is only about 5% larger than Venus's.

This comparison is useful precisely because the difference is so modest. Earth and Venus belong to the same terrestrial class and sit in nearly the same size regime, which is why Venus can look like a plausible sister world in diagrams and headlines.

That near-match makes their physical divergence even more instructive. Two rocky planets can start from almost the same scale and still end up with radically different atmospheres, surface conditions and climatic histories.

Objects

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Planets

Venus

12,104 kmdiameter

Venus is the second planet from the Sun and the closest planetary match to Earth in size, but its surface conditions are radically different. A dense carbon-dioxide atmosphere drives a runaway greenhouse effect that makes Venus hotter than Mercury, even though it orbits farther from the Sun.

Object class
Terrestrial planet
Mass
~0.815 Earth masses
Host
Sun
Estimated age
~4.5 billion years
Composition
Silicate rock, iron core, dense carbon-dioxide atmosphere
Temperature
~737 K mean surface
Visual creditNASA / JPL-Caltech / Public domainSource: Wikimedia Commons
Planets

Earth

12,742 kmdiameter

Earth is the rocky planet on which we live and the most familiar anchor for planetary scale. It remains the only world known to host life, with long-lived surface oceans that have shaped both its geology and its atmosphere.

Object class
Terrestrial planet
Composition
Silicate rock and iron core
Temperature
~288 K mean surface
Estimated age
~4.54 billion years
Host
Sun
Visual creditNASA / Apollo 17 crew / Public domainSource: Wikimedia Commons

Between the smallest and the largest, perspective is everything.

About

Scale of Space is a scroll-based journey through the universe, placing objects on a single logarithmic scale so you can compare size across an unbroken range.

Guides turn parts of that scale into curated essays, while focused views let you explore the same range through specific groups of objects.

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